If historians were to single out the most standard form of Kashmiri shawl, it would be the Kani shawl.

The remarkable kani pashmina shawl is the best of pashmina that you can ever buy. Made from wooden needles on a traditional handloom, it has a distinguishable, Mughal pattern that is woven into the fabric. Every shawl has knots. Artisans craft them as per a set design. Note that only the trained craftsmen are knowledgeable enough to do it the right way. For this reason, Kani shawl got registration under GI (Geographical Indication) by The Craft Development Institute. 

A Kani shawl has a unique demeanor. It has proved itself to be an ethereal treat for the aesthetic craft admirers. The intricate pattern of weaving, the eclectic colours, and the overall graceful mien has art patrons smitten to the core, across the globe. 

Kani Shawls - The Finest of Pashmina

Kani shawl comes from Kanihama, a small village 20 kilometres away from the main city. Kanihama once had a monopoly over Kani shawls. It was later that artisans from other villages learnt making Kani shawls. Kanihama comes from two words, ‘Kani’ meaning wooden sticks, and ‘Hama’ meaning village. The craft of Kani weaving uses small sticks of wood called ‘Kanis’. Around Kanis, artisans wind colourful weft thread to create magical patterns over a shawl. Kanis are made of a type of forest wood called ‘poos tul’

Patrons believe that Kani shawl weaving of Kashmir originates from Persia. In the Mughal period, more than 15000 Kani looms were functional in the valley. It was during the rule of Zain ul Abideen (Budshah).

But with time, Kani shawl faced some major setbacks and moved into a tragic and dark age. This period saw major blows to many handloom crafts in Kashmir. Kani shawl weaving would have totally disappeared had not a family saved this craft even during the craft impediment. This family is the ‘Wani family of Kanihama’. And since the late 1700s, they have held onto this technique and did revive it later on.

Technique of Weaving

Kani shawl is an extraordinary expression of art. It is handwoven using a number of eyeless wood sticks called Kanis or Tujis. These shawls feature intricate weft weaving in their making. As such, these hold a high value in the eyes of craft patrons.

These shawls look more ethereal when made in pure Cashmere. Even though 80% of Kani shawls are made in Cashmere itself, some designs use silk and other fine wool for more strength and sheen.

Kani Artisans are the most skillful ones with great patience. The degree of concentration that these artisans put into this painstaking work is just unbelievable. An artisan is capable of weaving one inch a day at the most. But it depends on the complexity and labyrinth patterns of the design that artisans have to weave. Some Kani shawls take anywhere between 3 to 36 months to complete. 

The Weavers of Kani Pashmina Shawl

Kani weaving is a centuries-old craft practiced by skilled craftsmen who have learned it from their forefathers.

These families have been working patiently with talent and devotion. As such, their work has captivated admirers all around the globe. Working between 5 - 7 hours a day, in between tending to their smallholdings, they lovingly create these masterpieces.

Process of Making

Artisans weave a Kani shawl like a carpet. A veil of warp threads in front of the weaver has to be intruded with wefts. These wefts are colourful threads that weavers wind around bobbins. Around 75 to 100 bobbins are in use at a time to weave a Kani shawl with an overall design.

The Design

Kani shawl making process is quite complicated. Artisans start with the design. But unlike other shawls where design is imprinted or stamped over the shawl itself, here the design is written in a code, called ‘Talim’, on a graph paper. 

The Pattern

A Talimguru prepares the coded pattern. He is an expert in converting the design to codes, easily understood by weavers.

The Warp

Next process is the making of warp by a warp maker. 

The Weaving

A number of colourful bobbins are arranged as per the design requirement. Weaving starts with the help of talim. As soon as a different colour is required in the design, two bobbins are joined together and the process is continued till the shawl is complete

Types of Kani Shawls

Since Kani shawls are woven and not embroidered, these are lightweight and exceptionally beautiful. A few types of based on designs are:

Kani jamawar/Pur Mattan shawl

A Jamawar shawl takes around two years to complete. This is because the Kani patterns are spanning all over the base with eclectic patterns and motifs

Palladaar Kani Pashmina

Featuring the Kani weave only on its borders or Pallas, a Palladaar shawl takes a few months to be completed. 

Chand-daar or Moon shawl

This unique variety features a central full medallion design and small four medallions on four corners. 

GI Protection

Kashmiri Kani Shawl has been given the honor of the Geographical Indication (GI) status. This status prohibits people from selling a shawl made at other places under the same name. In an attempt to protect its originality, the government of Jammu and Kashmir has registered it under the GI Act. Now, no other country can produce or copy such shawls.

Specifications which led to the GI protection

• Kashmiri Kani shawl has a long and documented history of more than 300 years dating back to the Mughal era

• Pashmina wool is used as the base fabric which has a unique fineness and comes from the Changthangi goat found in a specific climate and geographical conditions.

• Kani shawl of Kashmir has a distinctive process of manufacturing with the help of Talim or code 

• A local terminology of its weaving and processes

The GI registration of Kashmiri Kani shawl is the first milestone to start with the international branding of the Kashmiri handicrafts. It also ensures genuine and superior quality of craft for a customer. This much-needed breakthrough will make sure that the high-quality standard of these handicrafts would enhance their prominence in local as well as international market

Kani shawl is a magical creation of the most skillful and experienced Kashmiri artisans. No doubt these shawls created a furor and incitement in ancient Europe. As a matter of fact, the shawl has found a special place in some world-renowned places. Victoria and Albert Museum in London, the department of Islamic art at the Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York, and the Musée des Arts Décoratifs in Paris showcasing the charm of Kashmiri craftsmanship.

Also read: 500 Years of Timeless Fashion - Pure Pashmina

Soft to touch, and exceptionally graceful to wear, Kashmiri shawls convey the finest skills of Kashmiri artisans as well as display the sophisticated aesthetic of their wearer. It is said about the Kashmiri shawls that none excels in colour, design, beauty, hand embroideries, and texture as the famous Kashmiri shawls do.

Types of Kashmiri Shawls

The base fabric of Kashmiri shawls is of three types - Shahtoosh, Pashmina and Raffal. 

Shahtoosh (Tibetan Antelope Wool)

Shahtoosh is called the king of wool. It is often known by the name “ring Shawl” because it is so fine that it can pass through a ring. Shahtoosh wool comes from the Tibetan antelope Chiru, which is found over 14000 feet in the wilds of the Himalayas.

Making of Shahtoosh

Shahtoosh is the finest wool of all types there are. It is often called the king of wool because of its exclusivity and the challenging ways of acquiring it. The wool grows on the body of the Tibetan Antelope, which is found roaming in the high plateaus of Himalayan ranges. The antelope is a wild animal, and often a herd of these gathers at one place to feed themselves or drink water near a water body. As soon as this time occurs, hunters wait their turns to hunt them. 

Soon after the Antelopes are killed, the hunters take their bodies in possession and acquire the fine shahtoosh wool growing over it. This acquisition is cruel, but the wool growing over the bodies is pricey and high in demand. It is sent to Kashmir for processing. Processing of Shahtoosh is an exceptionally challenging task, as the fibre width is an unparalleled low. The chunks of wool are hand spun and the fibre threads thus formed are just 8 to 10 microns in diameter. Further processing these threads is equally difficult. 

Weavers weave the fine threads into luxury shawls, and these are the world famous Shahtoosh shawls. These are at times filled with Kashmir embroidery to make them even more luxurious. Shahtoosh shawls have been banned in the 90’s on account of animal cruelty. This is after there was a huge decline in the number of Tibetan antelopes that the local government decided to have a complete ban on the trade of Shahtoosh shawls. Soon its makers switched to the making of Pashmina shawls, as the processing of those was somewhat similar

Pashmina (Himalayan Cashmere Wool)

is another category of Kashmiri shawls, and their origin is Changthang, Ladakh. Pashmina shawls are made from Cashmere wool, which grows on the body of the Changthangi goat found in Ladakh. The goat is found over 14000 feet and is reared by nomadic herders of Ladakh.

Making of Pashmina Shawls

The changthangi goat of Ladakh produces the best and the finest Cashmere in the world. Even though Cashmere goats are found in many different areas of the world, the Ladakhi Cashmere rules them all. It is this Ladakhi goat wool which is used to make Kashmiri Pashmina shawls that one sees laden with Kashmiri embroidery, in the markets. Kashmiri Pashmina shawls are the perfect base of all kinds of Kashmiri embroidery patterns, as the other types of shawls are either too thick or too flimsy for some embroideries. 

The acquisition of Pashmina wool is a challenge in itself. Over 14000 feet above sea level lies the Changthang area of Ladakh where the goats are found in temperatures below -40 degrees C. The goats, as a defence mechanism, grow a fine yet super warm wool on its body. It keeps the goat warm, and makes it possible for these animals to survive in the harshest of all temperatures. Once summer arrives, the goat undergoes some hormonal changes, which force the wool to come out on its own. Some of the portion is naturally lost while some is lost as the goat rubs itself against harsh coarse surfaces. This is the fine wool that herders wait for the entire year. It is acquired from the goats, and sent to Kashmir for processing.

Arrival in Kashmir

As the wool arrives in Kashmir, it is sent for cleaning, before it is spun by the local womenfolk. Huge chunks of Cashmere wool are converted to the finest of Cashmere threads which are later handwoven to fabric. This fabric can be shawls, scarves or wraps. Pashmina shawls became a huge hit soon after shahtoosh was banned as it was the next best alternative. Pashmina hosts various Kashmiri embroidery patterns such as Sozni, Tilla, Papier Mache or a combination of all of these

Raffal (Sheep Wool)

Raffal is the third category of Kashmiri shawls. It is spun out of Merino wool, and is the most popular in Kashmir, due to its warmth and cheap price.

Raffal shawls are the most commonly used shawls in Kashmir. These are the cheapest when it comes to pricing, as these do not account for any luxury or extravagance. One Raffal shawl can even be purchased for just over a thousand INR. As soon as winters arrive, raffal shawls can be seen in the largest quantity all around the local markets. The shawls have beautiful colours as they take up any dyes given to them. Kashmiri embroidery patterns like sozni, Aari or Tilla can be done on them, as they are stronger than Pashmina or Shahtoosh shawls

A number of hand embroideries are done on Kashmiri shawls depending upon the base fabric. Fine shawls like Pashmina are delicate, and hence lighter versions of embroideries are done on them. Sturdier bases like that of a merino wool shawl do host thicker forms of Kashmiri embroideries. Let us have a look at the embroidery types done in the valley.

SOZNI EMBROIDERY

Pashmina is handwoven and hence fine and delicate enough to tear if dealt with harshly. Hence the best-suited embroidery for these beauties is Sozni Kari. After the shawl is woven, a Naqash uses block prints to make the outline of the design, which are usually traditional designs. These designs have emerged from Persian-inspired Paisley which the Mughals introduced, floral patterns which bloom in the valley itself in Spring and summer, and many other designs. Embroidery artisans have the choice to select colour for a particular shawl. They have decades of experience and depending upon the base colour, they select a complementing shade, which is influenced by the fashion trends in vogue.

Sozni mostly uses cotton threads, but sometimes even silk is used. Fine needles are used to embroider motifs onto the gossamer base. The amount of embroidery to be done over the shawl decides the time in which it will be completed. Jaali shawls are less heavy, while tuki Jama is laden with embroidery motifs. Tuki Jama shawls take even years to get ready.

PAPIER MACHE EMBROIDERY

Papier Mache or Paper Mache embroidery is a form of embroidery which might be considered as a bolder variant of Sozni. It consists of breathtaking motifs which are worked in a bright coloured satin thread. Motifs are outlined in black to give a protruding effect. 

Paper Mache uses thicker needle and thread for a more appealing visual effect.

The most beautiful Papier Mache Pashmina shawls are often worn by brides on the day they leave their maternal homes. A white Pashmina shawl laden with colourful papier Mache embroidery looks marvellous. Papier Mache Kashmiri embroidery is so beautiful that if one does not afford a fully embroidered shawl, they just get the edges embroidered. 

Papier Mache embroidery gets its name from the majestic Papier Mache craft where paper pulp is used to make objects which are later hand painted to look like art pieces. The resemblance of Papier Mache embroidery to that craft form is so much that the same name is used for both

TILLA EMBROIDERY

An embroidery which makes shawls relatively expensive is Tilla embroidery. This type is so popular in the valley that every bride should have at least one phiran (a garment worn by Kashmiri women) embroidered with tilla embroidery in her trousseau. Or else a shawl ornate with Tilla embroidered is expected by the onlookers.

Tilla originated from a village called “Zari” in Iran. But when Syed Ali Hamdani, a Sufi saint travelled to Kashmir with his artisans, he introduced the same in the local community. The then ruling Mughals were fascinated by its royal demeanour, and used this embroidery in their royal courts.

In the process of Tilla Dozi, metallic threads, dipped in gold and silver are delicately tied with the help of a needle to the fabric to create mesmerizing designs. This hand embroidery, like others, needs immense skill and patience.

Tilla is done in less quantities on Pashmina, due to the delicate nature of the base. On sheep wool Raffal shawls, it can be done profusely.

Tilla embroidery was made the most popular by the Mughal kings and queens, who used Tilla embroidery even on the furnishing of their courts. Tilla embroidery was earlier done with pure gold and silver threads. But since this was totally unaffordable for the commoners, metallic threads were used as replacement. Tilla Dozi looks the best when done on Pashmina shawls, as the rendezvous of two master art forms is totally magical. 

KALAMKARI EMBROIDERY

Kalamkari designs aren't embroidery as such. But later, over the hand painted motifs, sozni embroidery is done.

Kalamkari comes from two words, ‘kalam’ meaning ‘pen’ and ‘kari’ meaning ‘work’. Hence Kalamkari means the work of a pen. Pens used in Kalamkari are made from Bamboo. The colours used are natural dyes. The art of painting over shawls is fairly complicated, and uses as many as 20 steps to reach completion. The final result is intricately detailed, and breathtakingly beautiful.

Kalamkari shawls aren’t as popular in Kashmir as the other forms are, as Kalamakari is not embroidery but just spectacular hand painting. But some ardent fans of the craft get their shawls made on order and wear any anyway, irrespective of the popularity. 

AARI EMBROIDERY

Aari embroidery, also known as Kashida Kari, is done on Raffal shawls, or sheep wool shawls. The threads used are thick woolen threads, which fine Pashmina cannot bear.

Aari embroidery uses a specialized crooked head hook called “aari” and not the needle for embroidering. Using a hook saves time, as the hook pulls several loops of the thread. On the contrary, the needle does the same one by one. Aari work is nowadays done with machines.

The Aari embroidery might not be the first Kashmiri embroidery that one looks for, but this variant of Kashmiri embroidery has spread it swings over and above just shawls. This embroidery can be seen on luxury sarees, cardigans, dresses, handbags and more. This particular Kashmiri embroidery has gained international fame, and designers all over the world have managed to imbibe it in their designs.

Common designs used in Kashmiri embroideries

Motifs crafted on shawls are usually those inspired from Persian culture, but have been modified with time. The most popular designs are Rose (Gulab) and Almond (Badam). Other types of motifs are Cypress (Sarav), Gul E Noor Jahan (a flower liked by Noor Jehan), Roses (GulabKan), Narcissus (Yumberzal), Chinar (Chinar Leaf), Lotus (Pamposh) and Vine (Dachh). These too are very frequently used. Calligraphy too is used in embroidery forms. The rich fauna of the valley too can also be seen in some pieces. Popular motifs are lions, deer, bulbuls, ducks. Some shawls even host human figures. The most common examples are Shikargarh (the hunting ground), or the Jangal tarah (jungle scenes)

Kashmir is the land of beauty. Be it the snow-capped mountains, mighty plains, lush greens landscapes, or the mesmerizing scenic places. But apart from these, its handicraft sector flourishes with exquisitely crafted pieces. Be it embroidery, copper making, Pashmina making, Papier Mache work, walnut wood art, and many other types, Kashmir never fails to disappoint the tourists which visit it in the largest numbers

Also read: Kashmiri Shawls during the Dogra Period

Regardless of which embroidery women choose for their shawls or apparel, Kashmiri embroidery designs are timeless and keep getting more and more graceful as time passes.

Elegance is the only beauty that never fades... - Audrey Hepburn

THE SAGA

Kashmiri Pashmina is one of the finest, most exquisite fabrics ever made. It has also taken centuries of experimentation and refinement to raise this traditional practice of shawl making from being a necessity to unique textile art.

Overall, Kashmir is the only place in the world where finely embroidered Pashmina shawls are being produced.

Despite upheavals, the art of making the Pashmina shawls in Kashmir is unique and is still practiced in the traditional way by local artisans.

Is Pashmina Expensive?

According to a few lovers of this traditional art, Pashmina is a bit expensive. To know if this claim is at all correct, we take you through the journey of a Pashmina.

Does its procurement make Pashmina expensive?

The pashm wool comes from the Capra Hircus goat indigenous to high altitudes of the Himalayan mountains.

Every spring, they shed their winter coat. Herders collect it later for the weaving process.

One goat produces only about a few grams of Pashmina each year. In addition to this, a single Pashmina shawl requires wool from about three goats. Hence the exorbitant price becomes obvious.

Does its purity make Pashmina expensive?

The test for a quality Pashmina has been warmth, feel, and the passing of the shawl through a wedding ring.

The fineness of the pashm wool is between 14-16 microns in contrast to the finest sheep's wool which is 23 microns. To make your hair raise more, human hair is up to 50-70 microns.

Real Pashminas are very soft and warm to touch, owing to the thickness of the hair. The finer the thread, the greater warmth it produces. Perhaps this is one more reason to feel that Pashmina is expensive.

Also read: Does your Pashmina pass through a ring?

THE SKILLFUL ART

An authentic Pashmina is always handmade and hand-embroidered with a very minute thread. Only a talented artisan can create skillful shawls with intricate work that gives Pashmina its grace and glory. Depending on the work, a single Pashmina piece may take anywhere between a week to a decade to complete. With signature Pashmina styles exclusive to us and the countless designs created by our hard-working weavers, our Pashmina collection is worth a look. It offers something unique and felicitous for every occasion.

How expensive is Pashmina?

Apart from being unaware of why is Pashmina expensive, women often do not have an idea about how expensive Pashmina is? Well the price depends on a number of factors. Here are some:

• Ply: Ply indicates the density of fibre used. Single ply Pashmina scarf would mean that basic thread is used in its single form. Double ply or two ply would indicate that fibre is double twisted. Two ply are more pricey
• Count: Yarn count is a number indicating the meters of yarn that can be spun per gram. The more yarn count the thinner, the smoother and more precious is the scarf.
• Thickness of the fibre: How thick the fibre is also determines the price of Pashmina scarves. The finer the fibre used, the more pricey the scarf becomes.

Weave patterns also determine the price of Pashmina scarves. The diamond weave is the most expensive type of scarves in Pashmina. Twill weave and basket weave follow. Jacquard weave is also one major type that is usually worn at weddings or special occasions.

How expensive is Pashmina scarf?

A Pashmina scarf, on average will be worth US$120 - 300 (dimension is 200 cm x 35cm). It also depends on purity. This was the price of a 100% pure scarf and not an amalgam of silk or nylon. Unfortunately, many deceptive sellers have hiked prices but sell fake scarves. It is important to ask the seller for a certificate of authenticity. If he is not able to produce one, then he might be a fraud. Nevertheless, plain scarves will range from $120 to $150. If the scarf is patterned, printed, or laced, it will rise in price. Embroidered scarves might even be priced at $300.

Also read: 7 questions you need to ask while you purchase a Real Pashmina

Pashmina shawl (sometimes called ring Pashminas) is the ever-loved and world-famous wrap accessory.  These are found in Kashmir, India. The raw wool for these shawls is found in Ladakh. Here the exotic Changthangi goat grows Cashmere over its underbelly and neck to survive harsh temperature. When spring and summer arrive, this wool makes the goat extremely uncomfortable. This shows how warm the wool is. The goat starts rubbing itself with bushes, rocks, and other rough surfaces and gets rid of this wool. It is sent to Kashmir where artisans clean it, sort it, spin it, and weave it into heavenly soft, luxury Pashmina shawls.

Finesse of Pashmina shawls

The Pashmina yarn is so thin and it is sometimes barely visible. The average diameter of Pashmina yarn is 12-16 microns which equals one-fifth of human hair. The yarn is so light that it doesn't even feel over one's body. But this feathery light and the cozy shawl are so warm that you might not even need a sweater during the start of the winter season

In addition to being the most comfortable accessory, a Pashmina shawl is ever stylish and a classic. Ever since Empress Josephine set it into a timeless fashion, Pashmina shawl has never looked back. But a problem with its purity and originality rose when machines and fake synthetics began to interfere in markets. However, tests were invented to identify real Pashmina. One of the oldest tests is the ring test.

Also read: Must-have shawls for all times

The Ring Test

It is said that the purest Pashmina Shawl will pass through the tiniest of rings. The base is so smooth that the entire shawl passes through a ring of the little finger. This has earned it the name "ring Pashmina"

The Test

Pashmina is the fine art of weaving cashmere fiber into wrap accessories. It has a weaving style that is so thin, light, and delicate that the whole shawl can be passed through a ring.

The fineness of the pashm wool is between 14-16 microns. This is in contrast to the finest sheep’s wool which is 23 microns. Note that human hair is up to 70 microns in diameter

Also read: 7 tests to identify genuine Pashmina

The Superiority

Real ring Pashmina shawls are very soft and warm to touch, owing to the fineness of the hair. All our plain Pashmina shawls, stoles, and scarves match the quality of shahtoosh and pass the ring test!

Click here to see our luxury collection of the finest Pashminas

Pashmina is the handwoven luxury that holds its wearer in a heavenly warmth. Raw wool or Cashmere is found in Ladakh. It is grown over the sensitive underbelly of an exotic species of goats called the Changthangi or Cashmere goat. The goat grows the luxury soft fleece in winters to protect itself from severe cold. Come spring, and its herders gently comb its body to remove the soft wool as it becomes more uncomfortable during summer. Later the soft wool is sent to Kashmir, where women artisans clean, sort, and spin it. Later men artisans weave and embroider it and it sells in the market as the grandest and regal accessory ever.

Pashmina is known all over the world, and not just locally. It once used to be a prime component of the wardrobes of queen, kings, and nobles of royal courts. Empress Josephine owned as many as a hundred Pashmina shawls. Mughal kings used to gift Pashmina shawls to each other. Hence these exquisite shawls need no introduction to the maximum number of people in the entire world. Are you one of them?

Also read: What is so special about Pashmina Shawls?

I Don't Know Pashmina

Even Rachel from FRIENDS knew what a Pashmina is. And when shows like “FRIENDS” have a mention of  ‘Pashmina’ and fashionistas like Jennifer Aniston know it, how can we not investigate?

Well, the scene from FRIENDS showed Ross's timeless humor but reiterated the fact that people around the world are unaware of the quality of pure Pashmina and its exclusive nature. The prevalent use of the word has resulted in degrading its real value to quite an extent.

On a lighter note, the worldwide recognition and appreciation of this fine fabric have led to people compare everything which is soft and warm to it. Well, isn’t that nice?

But as Ross said, “I am in love with these babies” and we don’t disagree, who can resist the exquisiteness of a pure Pashmina?

It’s truly like diving into a cloud of fur.

When you invest in art, you should know about the painter, his skill, and the type of art he is famous for. Similarly, when you buy a real Pashmina, you must know the terminology to make a smart purchase. Have a look...

1. What kind of Pashmina is this?

There are various kinds of Kashmiri Pashminas namely plains, Kanis, embroidered,jamawars, soznis, papier mache, kalamkaris, and many more. However, each has a unique characteristic for identification and the craftsmanship differs from one type to another.

2. Is the one ply-two ply-three ply-four ply?

Ply means the layers of threads used to make the pure Pashmina. Therefore higher the ply more is the thickness.

3. Is it a handwoven Pashmina or a machine-made Pashmina?

There are many retailers who would sell you a Pashmina saying it's hand-woven when it is actually machine woven. Clearly, it is very difficult to find out the truth. Even so, the quality of the pure will speak for itself and help in the decision-making. Sometimes, the best way is to trust the source and the reviews of other clients. The higher the number of hours put into making this luxury wrap, the more expensive it is. Briefly, it’s mainly the amount of labor, which makes a big part of the cost.

Also read: Why is Pashmina expensive?

4. How many hours did it take to make the Pashmina?

When Kashmiri Pashmina is handwoven, the most important question is the number of hours put in. In that case, there is a high probability that the retailer might exaggerate it. However, trusted retailers would give you an exact measure to prove that the product of extremely high quality.

We, at Pashmina.com, make sure that below every product, there has been mentioned “time to craft” to help the buyer make the right decision.

Also read: 5 types of hand embroideries for Kashmiri Shawls

5. Where is the Pashmina from?

The finest Pashmina comes from Kashmir. The Changthangi goat, indigenous to the Ladakh region grows a fine raw fleece as an undercoat. It is this undercoat that is ethically combed off the goat's body and processed to make Pashmina shawls, scarves, and wraps.

Note that the raw wool called Cashmere is found in Kashmir, whereas its processing is exclusive to Kashmir. It is solely the artisans of Kashmir who have the expertise to transform Cashmere to Pashmina wraps.

Also read: All You Need to Know About the Pashm Fibre - Pashmina Wool

6. Does my Pashmina contain blends?

At Pashmina.com, we sell purely handcrafted and certified pieces free from any blends. The raw material is 100% Cashmere acquired from Ladakh, which is processed without mixing any foreign fabric. And since our products are handmade, they do not need any strengthening blends Pure Cashmere yarn is mounted onto wooden handlooms and handwoven by two local artisans in a span of 3-4 days. That is how these luxury pieces are conceived.

7. Are the Swarovski crystals real?

You would see a lot of shawls with beautiful stones/crystals but not all of them are Swarovski. Even though the seller might say these are real crystals but beware! Real Swarovski is very expensive and they shine beautifully. Hence, if that’s the real crystal, the value of the Pashmina would be much higher than usual.